THE PRINCIPLE OF HOLOGRAPHY

   Simply stated, the principle of holography is the ability to create a complete record of light waves carrying information about an object and then identifying this record in reverse as a "three-dimensional photograph" of the object. The holographic process is thus double-phase, the first phase is a record of the hologram and the second phase is the so-called reconstruction of the hologram (reverse recall of the object image). With the record of the hologram there is interference of the so-called object waves (containing information) and the so-called reference (contrasting) light waves and a record (fixation) of this inferential form into a suitable medium (a photosensitive layer). Thus a common optical grid is created, which is illuminated by a so-called reconstruction light wave during reconstruction. Diffraction (by movement) of these waves into the grid forms the so-called maximum diffraction, which is a three-dimensional image of the original object. The method of recording and reconstruction of a hologram from the physical and concretely technical point of view is an entire series, which also lends validation to a broad sphere of applications. A hologram is the complete record of a radiation wave (e.g. light) which contains information about the selected object - simply defined. The trick is to record the object into a suitable medium and subsequently reconstructing (recalling) it, i.e. the occurrence of a common spatial image of the original object.

   From the standpoint of optics, this concerns the interference of two or more light waves, a record of the inferential form into a suitable medium (that is the occurrence of the hologram), which is a common optical sine grid. During reconstruction, i.e. illuminating the hologram generally by another wave, an optical diffraction occurs onto this grid, while the maximum diffraction is a three-dimensional image of the original object.